What salt to eat for uremia: scientific choices and dietary suggestions
Uremia is the end-stage stage of chronic kidney disease. The patient's kidney function is severely damaged and unable to properly excrete metabolic waste and regulate electrolyte balance. Therefore, dietary management has become an important part of daily care for uremia patients, especially salt intake, which is directly related to the patient's blood pressure control and water balance. This article will combine the hot topics and hot content on the Internet in the past 10 days to provide scientific salt selection suggestions for uremia patients.
1. Why should uremic patients control their salt intake?
Uremia patients have reduced sodium excretion capacity due to renal failure. Excessive salt intake can lead to the following problems:
1.high blood pressure: Sodium ion retention will increase blood volume, lead to increased blood pressure, and increase cardiovascular burden.
2.Edema: Sodium retention can cause water retention and aggravate edema symptoms.
3.Increase the burden on the kidneys: A high-salt diet will accelerate the deterioration of kidney function.
2. What kind of salt is suitable for patients with uremia?
Regular table salt (sodium chloride) has a higher risk for uremic patients, the following are alternatives:
| salt type | Features | Applicability |
|---|---|---|
| low sodium salt | Contains potassium chloride to replace part of sodium chloride, reducing sodium content | Physician guidance is required, and it is contraindicated in patients with hyperkalemia. |
| salt-free seasoning | Natural condiments such as lemon juice, vinegar, herbs, etc. | Safe and recommended for daily use |
| potassium salt | Completely replace sodium chloride with potassium chloride | Only patients with normokalemia and physician approval |
3. Daily salt intake recommendations for patients with uremia
According to the recommendations of the Chinese Nutrition Society and Kidney Disease Guidelines:
| crowd | daily sodium intake | Convert to salt |
|---|---|---|
| healthy adult | ≤2000mg | ≤5g |
| uremic patients | ≤1000-1500mg | ≤3g |
| Patients with severe edema/hypertension | ≤800mg | ≤2g |
4. Practical tips for low-salt diet
1.Read food labels: Avoid invisible salt (such as soy sauce, pickled products, processed foods).
2.cooking method: Use more steaming, boiling, and stewing, and less use braise and stew.
3.Alternative seasoning: Use onions, ginger, garlic, pepper, etc. to enhance the flavor.
4.Salt making for separate meals: Separate the daily salt amount separately to avoid exceeding the standard.
5. Recent hot questions and answers
Q: Can patients with uremia eat "bamboo salt" or "rose salt"?
A: These salts are still mainly sodium chloride and may contain trace minerals (such as potassium), so choose carefully.
Q: Is low-sodium soy sauce safe?
A: You need to check the ingredient list. Some products use potassium chloride instead of sodium chloride. It is prohibited for those with high blood potassium.
6. Summary
Salt selection for uremic patients should be based onLow sodium, no additivesIn principle, the specific plan needs to be formulated by a doctor or nutritionist based on individual test results (such as blood potassium, blood pressure). Scientific management of diet can effectively delay the progression of the disease and improve the quality of life.
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